The amound of carbon dioxide produced from using a unit of a given fuel.
Used to calculate:fuel combustion (CO2 output)
Varies by: fuel
| Used | fuel | Reference | Location: Ecosystem (study period) |
Value | Units | Notes |
|---|
| * | Biodiesel | U.S. Energy Information Administration 2011 - Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels, 2009 | US: All () | 8.12 | kg / gallon | This value refers to emissions generated from B20 biodiesel fuel. |
| Biodiesel | U.S. Energy Information Administration 2011- Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program - Fuel Emission Coefficients | US: All () | 9.94 | kg / gallon | This value refers to emissions generated from B2 biodiesel fuel. | |
| * | Coal | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 5675.29 | lbs / short ton | This value refers to the emissions factor of anthracite coal. |
| Coal | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 2991.33 | lbs / short ton | This value refers to the CO2 emissions factor of lignite. | |
| Coal | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 5086.36 | lbs / short ton | This value refers to the CO2 emissions factor of bituminous coal. | |
| Coal | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 3656.14 | lbs / short ton | This value refers to the CO2 emissions factor of sub-bituminous coal. | |
| * | Diesel / light fuel oil | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 10.1 | kg / gallon | |
| Diesel / light fuel oil | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 13.526984 | kg / gallon | ||
| Diesel / light fuel oil | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 73.15 | kg/MMBtu | ||
| * | Electricity | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg/MMBtu | |
| * | Ethanol | U.S. Energy Information Administration 2011- Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program - Fuel Emission Coefficients | US: All () | 0 | kg / gallon | This value refers to the carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of E100. |
| * | Gas-electric hybrid | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 8.8 | kg / gallon | We have assumed the same emissions as gasoline. |
| * | Gasoline | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 8.8 | kg / gallon | |
| * | Geothermal | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg CO2 | Geothermal energy is not derived from combustion... though there may be uncontrolled CO2 releases from subterranean sources (see alternative parameter value) |
| Geothermal | U.S. Department of Energy 2012 - 2011 Buildings Energy Data Book | US: Buildings (2010) | 16.59983 | lbs / MMBtu | This value is the uncontrolled carbon dioxide emissions from geothermal, though note that it is not the result of combustion. | |
| * | Hydroelectric | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg/MMBtu | |
| * | Hydrogen | Argonne National Laboratory 2009- Just The Basics | global: all () | 0 | kg / kg | This value does not account for the carbon dioxide emissions generated during the production of a hydrogen fuel cell, but instead is a measure of the emissions from the combustion equivalent of pure hydrogen. We changed the unit to kg / kg. |
| * | Jet fuel | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 9.6 | kg / gallon | |
| * | Kerosene | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 9.8 | kg / gallon | |
| Kerosene | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 13.015238 | kg / gallon | ||
| Kerosene | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 72.3067 | kg/MMBtu | ||
| * | Municipal solid waste | U.S. Energy Information Administration 2011- Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program - Fuel Emission Coefficients | US: All () | 417.04 | kg / short ton | This value reflects the carbon dioxide emissions factor for stationary combustion of MSW. |
| * | Muscle | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg / cc | |
| * | Natural gas | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 0.12 | lbs / ft3 | This value refers to the CO2 emission factor of natural gas. |
| Natural gas | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 0.120372 | lbs / ft3 | ||
| Natural gas | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 53.0567 | kg/MMBtu | ||
| * | Natural gas compressed (CNG) | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 0.12 | lbs / ft3 | We assume the emissions released from the combustion of compressed natural gas are similar to the emissions from the combustion of conventional natural gas. |
| * | Natural gas liquefied (LNG) | U.S. EPA 2004 - Unit Conversions, Emissions Factors, and Other Reference Data | Global: All () | 53.06 | lbs / ft3 | We assume the emissions released from the combustion of liquified natural gas are similar to the emissions from the combustion of conventional natural gas. |
| * | Nuclear material | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg / g | |
| * | Propane / LPG | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 5.8 | kg / gallon | |
| Propane / LPG | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 7.718095 | kg / gallon | ||
| Propane / LPG | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 63.162 | kg/MMBtu | ||
| * | Residual fuel oil | Davis et al. 2011 Transportation Energy Databook | Global: All (2000s) | 11.8 | kg / gallon | |
| Residual fuel oil | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 73.15 | kg/MMBtu | This value reflects the CO2 emissions of #4 fuel oil. | |
| Residual fuel oil | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 15.72667 | kg / gallon | ||
| * | Solar | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg/MMBtu | |
| * | Steam | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg CO2 / kg steam | Carbon dioxide emissions are based on the fuels used to produce steam, calculated elsewhere |
| * | Wind | Assumed | New York City: Urban Area () | 0 | kg/MMBtu | |
| * | Wood and other biomass | U.S. EPA- Residential Wood Stoves | US: all (1996) | 2952 | lbs / short ton | |
| Wood and other biomass | U.S. EPA 2008- Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion Sources | U.S.: urban environment () | 1443.67 | kg / short ton | ||
| Wood and other biomass | U.S. EPA 2012- Methodology for Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Tracking Calculations | U.S.: urban () | 93.8667 | kg/MMBtu |